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    广东省城市老年人认知功能状况的调查研究

    Status and Influencing Factors of Cognitive Function Among the Urban Elderly in Guangdong Province

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      背景 广东省常住老年人口多，占全省人口的12.35%，目前我国老龄化程度日益加深，老年人发生认知功能障碍的问题逐渐增多，因此，开展多中心的大样本调查，了解广东省城市老年人认知功能现状，有利于在开展早期防治措施时为老年患者认知功能的维护建立一道屏障。
      方法 借助老年人功能评估平台，调查来自广东省4个地区6个主要城市的1 619例老年人，采用t检验、χ2检验、秩和检验分析不同特征老年人群之间认知功能障碍的差异，其认知功能障碍的影响因素采用多因素logistic回归模型进行分析。
      结果 13.4%的广东省城市老年人有认知功能障碍，认知功能障碍率在高龄、非居家、长期用药种类4种及以上、每周锻炼次数少、每周参加社交活动次数少的老年人中较高（P < 0.05）。多因素分析显示，认知障碍的危险性在高龄、非居家、每周锻炼次数少、每周参加社交活动少的老年人中较高（P < 0.05）。
      结论 城市老年人认知功能水平有待提高，应重点关注医院和社区卫生服务中心、高龄、活动能力差的老年人，早期筛查，满足老年人差异化、多层次的长期照护服务需求。

       

      Abstract:
      Background The permanent elderly population in Guangdong Province accounts for 12.35% of the province's population. With the deepening of aging in our country, the problem of cognitive dysfunction among the elderly has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, a multi-center survey with a large sample to understand the current situation of cognitive function of the urban elderly in Guangdong Province was conducive to establishing a barrier for the maintenance of cognitive function in elderly patients during early prevention and treatment measures. Provide reference to meet the service needs of urban elderly people in different regions and at different levels in Guangdong Province.
      Objective To investigate and analyze the cognitive function of urban elderly in Guangdong Province.
      Methods With WeChat Mini Program, survey from four districts of Guangdong Province, among six major cities of 1 619 elderly people, using chi-square test, t test, rank and inspection analysis of different demographic characteristics of elderly differences of cognitive dysfunction, using multivariable logistic regression model to analyze the influence factors of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly.
      Results 13.4% of the urban elderly in Guangdong Province had cognitive dysfunction, and the rate of cognitive dysfunction was higher in the elderly, non-home, long-term drug use of 4 or more types, less weekly exercise, less weekly social activities (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed the risk of cognitive impairment was higher in older people, those who were not at home, those who did less weekly exercise, and those who did less weekly social activities(P < 0.05).
      Conclusions The cognitive function of the elderly in urban areas needs to be improved, attention should be paid to cognitive function of older people who are elderly, living in hospitals and community health service centers, and in poor mobility, and early screening should be carried out. Eventually treatment procedure for the older people with different degrees and different dimensions of dysfunction can be developed, so as to meet the differentiated and multi-level long-term care service needs.

       

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