Objective To analyze the general clinical features, treatment response, survival outcome and prognostic factors of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) patients in this area, with a view to guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods A total of 84 patients with ENKTCL who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from October 2012 to April 2022 were selected as the research objects, and their relevant clinical data and laboratory data were summarized. In addition, univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis was carried out on different clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes.

Results There were 84 patients, with a median age of 50.5 years and a male-to-female ratio of 2.23 to 1. The median follow-up time was 64.31 months, the median progression-free survival (progression-free survival, PFS) was 48.95 months the median overall survival (overall survival, OS) was not reached, the 2-year OS rate and PFS rate were 66.47% and 53.83%, respectively. Nomogram-revised risk index (NRI) is superior to Ann Arbor staging, International Prognostic Index (IPI), Korean Prognostic Index (KPI), Prognostic Index of Natural Killer Lymphoma (PINK) and the Prognostic Index of Natural Killer Lymphoma with Epstein-Barr Virus DNA (PINK-E) in judging the survival of all patients (P<0.01) and early patients in this area (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that primary tumor invasion (PTI) was an independent prognostic factor for OS, excluding L-asparaginase (L-asp)/Pegaspargase- asparaginase (Peg-asp) was an independent prognostic factor for PFS, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) and the number of extranodal sites involved were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS.

Conclusions The prognosis of ENKTCL is still poor, early and accurate identification of high-risk patients is necessary. Factors such as PTI might be expected as new prognostic indicators for ENKTCL.