Abstract: Multiple lung cancers have become increasingly prevalent in clinical practice, primarily encompassing multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) and intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM). Current clinical management faces two major challenges: the difficulty in differential diagnosis between MPLC and IPM, and the lack of standardized treatment protocols for multiple lung cancers. To address these issues, the Lung Cancer Expert Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association (CACA) convened a multidisciplinary expert panel. Through systematic literature reviews, expert discussions, and voting processes, a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic framework was established, covering key aspects including clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment strategies for multiple lung cancers.