Abstract: The year 2024 witnessed the publication of numerous landmark studies, with novel therapeutic agents, treatment strategies, and clinical concepts emerging at a rapid pace. Top-tier journals including The New England Journal of Medicine published multiple pivotal studies in lung cancer area, nearly half of which were contributed by Chinese researchers. China's National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) approved over a dozen innovative therapies, with some drug approvals even leading the global timeline. Treatment approaches including targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and bispecific antibodies have provided lung cancer patients with more effective and precise treatment options. Meanwhile, the introduction of adaptive therapy and drug holiday concepts signifies a paradigm shift in lung cancer management, moving from "one size fits all" approaches toward "dynamic adjustment" strategies. This review summarizes key clinical research advances in lung cancer published during 2024.