Abstract: Objective To systematically review the effect of nutrition intervention on pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） patients. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane library （Issue 1, 2015）, CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang database were searched from inception to May 2015 to collect randomized controlled trials （RCTs） studies on the effect of nutrition interventions on pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Two researchers independently screened the studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and cross-check. The Cochrane reviewers manual 5.1.0 quality assessment criteria to evaluate the quality of included studies. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results Finally, 12 RCTs involving 1 561 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: ①For maternal perinatal outcome, the incidence of eight outcome indicators including caesarean section （RR=0.51, 95%CI 0.30~0.86, P=0.01）, premature rupture of membranes （RR=0.42, 95%CI 0.19~0.93, P=0.03） and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome （PIH） （RR=0.32, 95%CI 0.18~0.59, P=0.000 2） were lower than the control group; ②For perinatal outcome, the incidence of nine outcome indicators including fetal distress （RR=0.35, 95%CI 0.24~0.52, P<0.000 01）, respiratory distress syndrome （RDS） （RR=0.13, 95%CI 0.04~0.47, P=0.002） and fetal macrosomia （RR=0.27,95%CI 0.19~0.39,P=0.000 01）were lower than the control group. Conclusion Through scientific and reasonable nutrition intervention on GDM patients, which blood glucose with effectively controlling in the normal range, reducing the incidence of maternal and infant complications during pregnancy and improving the pregnancy outcome, enhancing the quality of maternal and newborn survival. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more larger sample and high quality RCTs are needed to verify the above conclusion.