Abstract: Incidence of coronary artery disease （CAD） is high, CAD has become the world's leading causes of death. High-density lipoprotein （HDL） is a protective factor for CAD and may be related to its role in the reverse transport of cholesterol. ATP binding cassette transporter A1 （ABCA1） is involved in the initial stage of cholesterol reverse transport and HDL formation, and plays a key role in these two processes.This article reviews the related research of ABCA1.