Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of Rivaroxaban compared to Warfarin for the treatment of thrombosis in Chinese. Methods The databases including The Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CBM,VIP,CNKI,Wanfang Data were searched from the inception to January 2017 to collect the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） related to the safety and efficacy of Rivaroxaban compared to Warfarin for the treatment of thrombosis. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of thirteen studies were included, involving 1 004 patients. Meta-analyses results showed, Rivaroxaban significantly lowered the risk of recurrent thrombosis and reduced the time of thrombolysis compared to Warfarin（OR=0.45,95%CI 0.30~0.67; MD=-11.16,95%CI -13.24~-9.07）, and Warfarin groups had higher bleeding occurrence rate and new thrombosis occurrence rate when compared with Rivaroxaban group（OR=0.34,95%CI 0.20~0.58;OR=0.69,95%CI 0.25~1.95）, but the new thrombosis occurrence rate had no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion Rivaoxaban group was superior to Warfarin group in the efficacy and safety for the treatment of thrombosis as Rivaroxaban significantly lowered the risk of recurrent thrombosis and reduced the time of thrombolysis and had a lower bleeding occurrence rate,but further clinical research is required before Rivaroxaban can be considered standard treatment of thrombosis.