Abstract: Objective To summarize the pathomorphology and immunohistochemical features of 23 cases of superficial myofibroblastoma of female reproductive tract （superficial cervical vaginal myofibroblastoma, SCVM）, and to analyze its prognosis and differential diagnosis from other diseases. Methods The pathological and immunohistochemical features of 23 patients with SCVM treated in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou were analyzed retrospectively. Results In this study, 20 of the 23 patients showed moderate to strongly positive expression of desmin, indicating that most of the patients were diffuse strongly positive expression of vimentin in tumor cells. There were 15 ALK positive patients, all of whom expressed ER and PR, and 19 of whom expressed CD34. The result table showed that most of the patients expressed CD34, 5 of whom expressed α-SMA, 3 of whom expressed MSA, while those who did not expressed S-100 protein CD57, NF, GFAP and EMA. Conclusions SCVM has unique histological morphology. Through the analysis of immunophenotype, it is found that tumor cells have myofibroblast differentiation, which is similar to other female reproductive tract tumors. Pathologists should distinguish them according to their pathological morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics to avoid misdiagnosis.