Abstract: Objective To evaluate the association between mycoplasma fermentans and HIV and the effect of mycoplasma on the progression of HIV. Methods We searched electronic database to identify epidemiological studies on the association between mycoplasma fermentans and HIV infection and to evaluate them by random effect model. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to consider the heterogeneity between included studies. Results Eleven studies meeting our criteria were identified and extracted. Results showed the detection rate of mycoplasma fermentans was significantly higher in HIV infected people than one in the control group （odds ratio=4.47, 95% confidence interval 1.41~14.15）, but publication bias was found between them. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis did not support the positive result. Conclusion Future research is expected to explore the association between mycoplasma fermentans and HIV.