Abstract: Objective To evaluate the emergence time, the incidence rate of postoperative nausea or vomiting （PONV）, and the cognitive function after Xenon anesthesia vs.Isoflurane or Xenon vs.Sevoflurane. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang database, and VIP database were used to search the randomized controlled trial （RCT） involving postoperative recovery characteristics after Xenon or Isoflurane anesthesia and Xenon or Sevoflurane anesthesia; the correlated references were also searched for complement.All included RCTs were assessed and analyzed according to the standards of Cochrane systematic review by using RevMan 5.1.7.Results A total of 6 RCTs involving 449 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that the eye-opening timeSMD=-1.49,95%CI（-2.31,-0.68） and the extubation timeSMD=-2.04,95%CI（-3.30, -0.78） after Xenon anesthesia were shorter than those of Isoflurane; the recovery index SMD=1.20,95%CI（0.52,1.87） after Xenon anesthesia were higher than those of Isoflurane; and there was no difference about the Aldrete score 5 min after extubation between Xenon and Isoflurane SMD=3.14,95%CI（- 0.49,6.76）.In addition, the results also showed that the eye-opening timeSMD=-1.54,95%CI（-2.00,-1.07）, the extubation time SMD=-1.80,95%CI（-2.39,-1.20）, time to regain orientation SMD=-2.20,95%CI（-3.84,-0.56） and time to counting backward SMD=-2.19,95%CI（-2.87,-1.51） were shorter after Xenon anesthesia; and there was no difference about the incidence of PONV between Xenon and Sevoflurane anesthesiaRR=1.26,95%CI（0.66,2.39）. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that the emergence time was shorter after Xenon anesthesia compared with Isoflurane and Sevoflurane; and there was no significant difference about the Aldrete score after 5 min and the incidence of PONV between Xenon, Isoflurane and Sevoflurane anesthesia.The cognitive function was recovered earlier after Xenon anesthesia than that of Sevoflurane.